• Computer Science > Networking and Internet Architecture [Submitted on 20 May 2025 (v1), last revised 20 Feb 2026 (this version, v2)] Title:VaN3Twin: the Multi-Technology V2X Digital Twin with Ray-Tracing in the Loop View PDFAbstract:This paper presents VaN3Twin-the first open-source, full-stack Network Digital Twin (NDT) framework for simulating the coexistence of multiple Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication technologies with accurate physical-layer modeling via ray tracing. • VaN3Twin extends the ms-van3t simulator by integrating Sionna Ray Tracer (RT) in the loop, enabling high-fidelity representation of wireless propagation, including diverse Line-of-Sight (LoS) conditions with focus on LoS blockage due to other vehicles’ meshes, Doppler effect, and site-dependent effects-e.g., scattering and diffraction. • Unlike conventional simulation tools, the proposed framework supports realistic coexistence analysis across DSRC and C-V2X technologies operating over shared spectrum. • A dedicated interference tracking module captures cross-technology interference at the time-frequency resource block level and enhances signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) estimation by eliminating artifacts such as the bimodal behavior induced by separate LoS/NLoS propagation models. • Compared to field measurements, VaN3Twin reduces application-layer disagreement by 50% in rural and over 70% in urban environments with respect to current state-of-the-art simulation tools, demonstrating its val

Article Summaries:

  • VaN3Twin: A New Open‑Source V2X Digital Twin with Ray‑Tracing

Researchers have released VaN3Twin, the first full‑stack Network Digital Twin (NDT) that simulates multiple Vehicle‑to‑Everything (V2X) technologies-DSRC and C‑V2X-using realistic physical‑layer models powered by ray‑tracing. Built on the ms‑van3t simulator, it incorporates the Sionna Ray Tracer to capture detailed line‑of‑sight blockage, Doppler shifts, and site‑specific scattering. A dedicated interference‑tracking module measures cross‑technology interference at the resource‑block level, improving SINR estimates and eliminating artifacts from separate LoS/NLoS models. Compared with field data, VaN3Twin cuts application‑layer disagreement by 50 % in rural and over 70 % in urban settings, offering a scalable, accurate tool for V2X coexistence studies.

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