• Federated learning framework enables mobile transmission scheduling while preserving device privacy. • Three energy‑constrained problems tackled: minimize transmission time, fixe
• Lightweight modular framework augments outdoor multi‑cell fingerprinting using existing MDT records. • Spatial synthesis via KDE generates geographically coherent synthetic locat
• Introduces traversal concept generalizing paths with gap transitions for incomplete networks. • Treats planned connections as first-class transitions, enabling realistic infrastr