• Computer Science > Human-Computer Interaction [Submitted on 31 Dec 2025] Title:A2H: Agent-to-Human Protocol for AI Agent View PDF HTML (experimental)Abstract:AI agents are increasingly deployed as autonomous systems capable of planning, tool use, and multi-agent collaboration across complex tasks. • However, existing agent-related protocols focus on agent-to-agent interactions, leaving humans as external observers rather than integrated participants within the agent systems. • This limitation arises from the lack of a standardized mechanism for agents to discover, address, and interact with humans across heterogeneous messaging platforms. • In this paper, we propose the A2H (Agent-to-Human) protocol, a unified protocol that enables humans to be registered, discovered, and communicated with by AI agents as resolvable entities within agent systems. • A2H contributes three key components: (1) Human Card for registering human identities via resolvable domain names, making them discoverable to agents; (2) Formal Communication Schema defines when, why, and how agents contact with human;(3) Unified Messaging Abstraction standardizes diverse communication medias and transforms complex JSON outputs into human-friendly formats. • This work establishes a foundational protocol for integrating humans into agent ecosystems, advancing AI agents from isolated autonomous systems toward truly human-connected intelligent infrastructures.
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The paper introduces A2H (Agent‑to‑Human), a unified protocol designed to embed human participants directly into autonomous AI agent systems. Current agent‑to‑agent standards leave humans as passive observers, so A2H adds three components: a Human Card that registers human identities via resolvable domain names, a formal communication schema that specifies when, why, and how agents should contact humans, and a unified messaging abstraction that translates complex JSON outputs into user‑friendly formats across diverse media. By enabling agents to discover, address, and interact with humans, the protocol aims to transition AI agents from isolated autonomous entities toward integrated, human‑connected intelligent infrastructures.
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